1/* Copyright (C) 1991-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
2 Copyright The GNU Toolchain Authors.
3 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
4
5 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
6 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
7 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
8 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9
10 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
13 Lesser General Public License for more details.
14
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
16 License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
17 <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
18
19/*
20 * ISO C99 Standard: 7.20 General utilities <stdlib.h>
21 */
22
23#ifndef _STDLIB_H
24
25#define __GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION
26#include <bits/libc-header-start.h>
27
28/* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>. */
29#define __need_size_t
30#define __need_wchar_t
31#define __need_NULL
32#include <stddef.h>
33
34__BEGIN_DECLS
35
36#define _STDLIB_H 1
37
38#if (defined __USE_XOPEN || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) && !defined _SYS_WAIT_H
39/* XPG requires a few symbols from <sys/wait.h> being defined. */
40# include <bits/waitflags.h>
41# include <bits/waitstatus.h>
42
43/* Define the macros <sys/wait.h> also would define this way. */
44# define WEXITSTATUS(status) __WEXITSTATUS (status)
45# define WTERMSIG(status) __WTERMSIG (status)
46# define WSTOPSIG(status) __WSTOPSIG (status)
47# define WIFEXITED(status) __WIFEXITED (status)
48# define WIFSIGNALED(status) __WIFSIGNALED (status)
49# define WIFSTOPPED(status) __WIFSTOPPED (status)
50# ifdef __WIFCONTINUED
51# define WIFCONTINUED(status) __WIFCONTINUED (status)
52# endif
53#endif /* X/Open or XPG7 and <sys/wait.h> not included. */
54
55/* _FloatN API tests for enablement. */
56#include <bits/floatn.h>
57
58/* Returned by `div'. */
59typedef struct
60 {
61 int quot; /* Quotient. */
62 int rem; /* Remainder. */
63 } div_t;
64
65/* Returned by `ldiv'. */
66#ifndef __ldiv_t_defined
67typedef struct
68 {
69 long int quot; /* Quotient. */
70 long int rem; /* Remainder. */
71 } ldiv_t;
72# define __ldiv_t_defined 1
73#endif
74
75#if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __lldiv_t_defined
76/* Returned by `lldiv'. */
77__extension__ typedef struct
78 {
79 long long int quot; /* Quotient. */
80 long long int rem; /* Remainder. */
81 } lldiv_t;
82# define __lldiv_t_defined 1
83#endif
84
85
86/* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX). */
87#define RAND_MAX 2147483647
88
89
90/* We define these the same for all machines.
91 Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'. */
92#define EXIT_FAILURE 1 /* Failing exit status. */
93#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 /* Successful exit status. */
94
95
96/* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale. */
97#define MB_CUR_MAX (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ())
98extern size_t __ctype_get_mb_cur_max (void) __THROW __wur;
99
100
101/* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
102extern double atof (const char *__nptr)
103 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
104/* Convert a string to an integer. */
105extern int atoi (const char *__nptr)
106 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
107/* Convert a string to a long integer. */
108extern long int atol (const char *__nptr)
109 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
110
111#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
112/* Convert a string to a long long integer. */
113__extension__ extern long long int atoll (const char *__nptr)
114 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
115#endif
116
117/* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
118extern double strtod (const char *__restrict __nptr,
119 char **__restrict __endptr)
120 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
121
122#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
123/* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers. */
124extern float strtof (const char *__restrict __nptr,
125 char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
126
127extern long double strtold (const char *__restrict __nptr,
128 char **__restrict __endptr)
129 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
130#endif
131
132/* Likewise for '_FloatN' and '_FloatNx'. */
133
134#if __HAVE_FLOAT16 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
135extern _Float16 strtof16 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
136 char **__restrict __endptr)
137 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
138#endif
139
140#if __HAVE_FLOAT32 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
141extern _Float32 strtof32 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
142 char **__restrict __endptr)
143 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
144#endif
145
146#if __HAVE_FLOAT64 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
147extern _Float64 strtof64 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
148 char **__restrict __endptr)
149 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
150#endif
151
152#if __HAVE_FLOAT128 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
153extern _Float128 strtof128 (const char *__restrict __nptr,
154 char **__restrict __endptr)
155 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
156#endif
157
158#if __HAVE_FLOAT32X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
159extern _Float32x strtof32x (const char *__restrict __nptr,
160 char **__restrict __endptr)
161 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
162#endif
163
164#if __HAVE_FLOAT64X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
165extern _Float64x strtof64x (const char *__restrict __nptr,
166 char **__restrict __endptr)
167 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
168#endif
169
170#if __HAVE_FLOAT128X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
171extern _Float128x strtof128x (const char *__restrict __nptr,
172 char **__restrict __endptr)
173 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
174#endif
175
176/* Convert a string to a long integer. */
177extern long int strtol (const char *__restrict __nptr,
178 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
179 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
180/* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer. */
181extern unsigned long int strtoul (const char *__restrict __nptr,
182 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
183 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
184
185#ifdef __USE_MISC
186/* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
187__extension__
188extern long long int strtoq (const char *__restrict __nptr,
189 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
190 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
191/* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
192__extension__
193extern unsigned long long int strtouq (const char *__restrict __nptr,
194 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
195 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
196#endif /* Use misc. */
197
198#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
199/* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
200__extension__
201extern long long int strtoll (const char *__restrict __nptr,
202 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
203 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
204/* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
205__extension__
206extern unsigned long long int strtoull (const char *__restrict __nptr,
207 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
208 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
209#endif /* ISO C99 or use MISC. */
210
211/* Convert a floating-point number to a string. */
212#if __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_BFP_EXT_C2X)
213extern int strfromd (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
214 double __f)
215 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
216
217extern int strfromf (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
218 float __f)
219 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
220
221extern int strfroml (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
222 long double __f)
223 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
224#endif
225
226#if __HAVE_FLOAT16 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
227extern int strfromf16 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
228 _Float16 __f)
229 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
230#endif
231
232#if __HAVE_FLOAT32 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
233extern int strfromf32 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
234 _Float32 __f)
235 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
236#endif
237
238#if __HAVE_FLOAT64 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
239extern int strfromf64 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
240 _Float64 __f)
241 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
242#endif
243
244#if __HAVE_FLOAT128 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
245extern int strfromf128 (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
246 _Float128 __f)
247 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
248#endif
249
250#if __HAVE_FLOAT32X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
251extern int strfromf32x (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
252 _Float32x __f)
253 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
254#endif
255
256#if __HAVE_FLOAT64X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
257extern int strfromf64x (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
258 _Float64x __f)
259 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
260#endif
261
262#if __HAVE_FLOAT128X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
263extern int strfromf128x (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char * __format,
264 _Float128x __f)
265 __THROW __nonnull ((3));
266#endif
267
268
269#ifdef __USE_GNU
270/* Parallel versions of the functions above which take the locale to
271 use as an additional parameter. These are GNU extensions inspired
272 by the POSIX.1-2008 extended locale API. */
273# include <bits/types/locale_t.h>
274
275extern long int strtol_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
276 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
277 locale_t __loc) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
278
279extern unsigned long int strtoul_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
280 char **__restrict __endptr,
281 int __base, locale_t __loc)
282 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
283
284__extension__
285extern long long int strtoll_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
286 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
287 locale_t __loc)
288 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
289
290__extension__
291extern unsigned long long int strtoull_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
292 char **__restrict __endptr,
293 int __base, locale_t __loc)
294 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 4));
295
296extern double strtod_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
297 char **__restrict __endptr, locale_t __loc)
298 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
299
300extern float strtof_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
301 char **__restrict __endptr, locale_t __loc)
302 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
303
304extern long double strtold_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
305 char **__restrict __endptr,
306 locale_t __loc)
307 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
308
309# if __HAVE_FLOAT16
310extern _Float16 strtof16_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
311 char **__restrict __endptr,
312 locale_t __loc)
313 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
314# endif
315
316# if __HAVE_FLOAT32
317extern _Float32 strtof32_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
318 char **__restrict __endptr,
319 locale_t __loc)
320 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
321# endif
322
323# if __HAVE_FLOAT64
324extern _Float64 strtof64_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
325 char **__restrict __endptr,
326 locale_t __loc)
327 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
328# endif
329
330# if __HAVE_FLOAT128
331extern _Float128 strtof128_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
332 char **__restrict __endptr,
333 locale_t __loc)
334 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
335# endif
336
337# if __HAVE_FLOAT32X
338extern _Float32x strtof32x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
339 char **__restrict __endptr,
340 locale_t __loc)
341 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
342# endif
343
344# if __HAVE_FLOAT64X
345extern _Float64x strtof64x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
346 char **__restrict __endptr,
347 locale_t __loc)
348 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
349# endif
350
351# if __HAVE_FLOAT128X
352extern _Float128x strtof128x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr,
353 char **__restrict __endptr,
354 locale_t __loc)
355 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 3));
356# endif
357#endif /* GNU */
358
359
360#ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
361__extern_inline int
362__NTH (atoi (const char *__nptr))
363{
364 return (int) strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
365}
366__extern_inline long int
367__NTH (atol (const char *__nptr))
368{
369 return strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
370}
371
372# ifdef __USE_ISOC99
373__extension__ __extern_inline long long int
374__NTH (atoll (const char *__nptr))
375{
376 return strtoll (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
377}
378# endif
379#endif /* Optimizing and Inlining. */
380
381
382#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
383/* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant
384 digit first. Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the
385 next call. */
386extern char *l64a (long int __n) __THROW __wur;
387
388/* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above. */
389extern long int a64l (const char *__s)
390 __THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
391
392#endif /* Use misc || extended X/Open. */
393
394#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
395# include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */
396
397/* These are the functions that actually do things. The `random', `srandom',
398 `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
399 The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
400 We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator. */
401/* Return a random long integer between 0 and 2^31-1 inclusive. */
402extern long int random (void) __THROW;
403
404/* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
405extern void srandom (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
406
407/* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
408 of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED. Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
409 32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
410 cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down. */
411extern char *initstate (unsigned int __seed, char *__statebuf,
412 size_t __statelen) __THROW __nonnull ((2));
413
414/* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
415 which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'. */
416extern char *setstate (char *__statebuf) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
417
418
419# ifdef __USE_MISC
420/* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions.
421 These functions all use the following data structure to contain
422 state, rather than global state variables. */
423
424struct random_data
425 {
426 int32_t *fptr; /* Front pointer. */
427 int32_t *rptr; /* Rear pointer. */
428 int32_t *state; /* Array of state values. */
429 int rand_type; /* Type of random number generator. */
430 int rand_deg; /* Degree of random number generator. */
431 int rand_sep; /* Distance between front and rear. */
432 int32_t *end_ptr; /* Pointer behind state table. */
433 };
434
435extern int random_r (struct random_data *__restrict __buf,
436 int32_t *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
437
438extern int srandom_r (unsigned int __seed, struct random_data *__buf)
439 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
440
441extern int initstate_r (unsigned int __seed, char *__restrict __statebuf,
442 size_t __statelen,
443 struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
444 __THROW __nonnull ((2, 4));
445
446extern int setstate_r (char *__restrict __statebuf,
447 struct random_data *__restrict __buf)
448 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
449# endif /* Use misc. */
450#endif /* Use extended X/Open || misc. */
451
452
453/* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */
454extern int rand (void) __THROW;
455/* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
456extern void srand (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
457
458#ifdef __USE_POSIX199506
459/* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1. */
460extern int rand_r (unsigned int *__seed) __THROW;
461#endif
462
463
464#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
465/* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions. */
466
467/* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
468extern double drand48 (void) __THROW;
469extern double erand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
470
471/* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
472extern long int lrand48 (void) __THROW;
473extern long int nrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
474 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
475
476/* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
477extern long int mrand48 (void) __THROW;
478extern long int jrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3])
479 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
480
481/* Seed random number generator. */
482extern void srand48 (long int __seedval) __THROW;
483extern unsigned short int *seed48 (unsigned short int __seed16v[3])
484 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
485extern void lcong48 (unsigned short int __param[7]) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
486
487# ifdef __USE_MISC
488/* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions. This
489 type is to be regarded as opaque. It's only exported because users
490 have to allocate objects of this type. */
491struct drand48_data
492 {
493 unsigned short int __x[3]; /* Current state. */
494 unsigned short int __old_x[3]; /* Old state. */
495 unsigned short int __c; /* Additive const. in congruential formula. */
496 unsigned short int __init; /* Flag for initializing. */
497 __extension__ unsigned long long int __a; /* Factor in congruential
498 formula. */
499 };
500
501/* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
502extern int drand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
503 double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
504extern int erand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
505 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
506 double *__restrict __result) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
507
508/* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
509extern int lrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
510 long int *__restrict __result)
511 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
512extern int nrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
513 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
514 long int *__restrict __result)
515 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
516
517/* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
518extern int mrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
519 long int *__restrict __result)
520 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
521extern int jrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
522 struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
523 long int *__restrict __result)
524 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
525
526/* Seed random number generator. */
527extern int srand48_r (long int __seedval, struct drand48_data *__buffer)
528 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
529
530extern int seed48_r (unsigned short int __seed16v[3],
531 struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
532
533extern int lcong48_r (unsigned short int __param[7],
534 struct drand48_data *__buffer)
535 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
536
537/* Return a random integer between zero and 2**32-1 (inclusive). */
538extern __uint32_t arc4random (void)
539 __THROW __wur;
540
541/* Fill the buffer with random data. */
542extern void arc4random_buf (void *__buf, size_t __size)
543 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
544
545/* Return a random number between zero (inclusive) and the specified
546 limit (exclusive). */
547extern __uint32_t arc4random_uniform (__uint32_t __upper_bound)
548 __THROW __wur;
549# endif /* Use misc. */
550#endif /* Use misc or X/Open. */
551
552/* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory. */
553extern void *malloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__
554 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((1)) __wur;
555/* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0. */
556extern void *calloc (size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
557 __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __attribute_alloc_size__ ((1, 2)) __wur;
558
559/* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
560 in PTR, making the new block SIZE bytes long. */
561/* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if realloc returns
562 the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
563 between objects pointed by the old and new pointers. */
564extern void *realloc (void *__ptr, size_t __size)
565 __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__ __attribute_alloc_size__ ((2));
566
567/* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'. */
568extern void free (void *__ptr) __THROW;
569
570#ifdef __USE_MISC
571/* Re-allocate the previously allocated block in PTR, making the new
572 block large enough for NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each. */
573/* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if reallocarray returns
574 the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
575 between objects pointed by the old and new pointers. */
576extern void *reallocarray (void *__ptr, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
577 __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__
578 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((2, 3))
579 __attr_dealloc_free;
580
581/* Add reallocarray as its own deallocator. */
582extern void *reallocarray (void *__ptr, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
583 __THROW __attr_dealloc (reallocarray, 1);
584#endif
585
586#ifdef __USE_MISC
587# include <alloca.h>
588#endif /* Use misc. */
589
590#if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K) \
591 || defined __USE_MISC
592/* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary. The storage cannot be freed. */
593extern void *valloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__
594 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((1)) __wur;
595#endif
596
597#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
598/* Allocate memory of SIZE bytes with an alignment of ALIGNMENT. */
599extern int posix_memalign (void **__memptr, size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
600 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
601#endif
602
603#ifdef __USE_ISOC11
604/* ISO C variant of aligned allocation. */
605extern void *aligned_alloc (size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
606 __THROW __attribute_malloc__ __attribute_alloc_align__ ((1))
607 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((2)) __wur;
608#endif
609
610/* Abort execution and generate a core-dump. */
611extern void abort (void) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
612
613
614/* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called. */
615extern int atexit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
616
617#if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
618/* Register a function to be called when `quick_exit' is called. */
619# ifdef __cplusplus
620extern "C++" int at_quick_exit (void (*__func) (void))
621 __THROW __asm ("at_quick_exit") __nonnull ((1));
622# else
623extern int at_quick_exit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
624# endif
625#endif
626
627#ifdef __USE_MISC
628/* Register a function to be called with the status
629 given to `exit' and the given argument. */
630extern int on_exit (void (*__func) (int __status, void *__arg), void *__arg)
631 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
632#endif
633
634/* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
635 in the reverse of the order in which they were registered,
636 perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS. */
637extern void exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
638
639#if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
640/* Call all functions registered with `at_quick_exit' in the reverse
641 of the order in which they were registered and terminate program
642 execution with STATUS. */
643extern void quick_exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
644#endif
645
646#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
647/* Terminate the program with STATUS without calling any of the
648 functions registered with `atexit' or `on_exit'. */
649extern void _Exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
650#endif
651
652
653/* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist. */
654extern char *getenv (const char *__name) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
655
656#ifdef __USE_GNU
657/* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the
658 programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled. */
659extern char *secure_getenv (const char *__name)
660 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
661#endif
662
663#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
664/* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place. */
665/* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
666 If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment. */
667extern int putenv (char *__string) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
668#endif
669
670#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
671/* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
672 If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value. */
673extern int setenv (const char *__name, const char *__value, int __replace)
674 __THROW __nonnull ((2));
675
676/* Remove the variable NAME from the environment. */
677extern int unsetenv (const char *__name) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
678#endif
679
680#ifdef __USE_MISC
681/* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
682 never made it. Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
683 for Fortran 77) requires this function. */
684extern int clearenv (void) __THROW;
685#endif
686
687
688#if defined __USE_MISC \
689 || (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8)
690/* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
691 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
692 they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique.
693 Always returns TEMPLATE, it's either a temporary file name or a null
694 string if it cannot get a unique file name. */
695extern char *mktemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
696#endif
697
698#if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
699/* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
700 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
701 they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique.
702 Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing,
703 or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file.
704
705 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
706 marked with __THROW. */
707# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
708extern int mkstemp (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
709# else
710# ifdef __REDIRECT
711extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemp, (char *__template), mkstemp64)
712 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
713# else
714# define mkstemp mkstemp64
715# endif
716# endif
717# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
718extern int mkstemp64 (char *__template) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
719# endif
720#endif
721
722#ifdef __USE_MISC
723/* Similar to mkstemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
724 XXXXXX. The length of the suffix is specified in the second
725 parameter.
726
727 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
728 marked with __THROW. */
729# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
730extern int mkstemps (char *__template, int __suffixlen) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
731# else
732# ifdef __REDIRECT
733extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemps, (char *__template, int __suffixlen),
734 mkstemps64) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
735# else
736# define mkstemps mkstemps64
737# endif
738# endif
739# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
740extern int mkstemps64 (char *__template, int __suffixlen)
741 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
742# endif
743#endif
744
745#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
746/* Create a unique temporary directory from TEMPLATE.
747 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
748 they are replaced with a string that makes the directory name unique.
749 Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique name.
750 The directory is created mode 700. */
751extern char *mkdtemp (char *__template) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
752#endif
753
754#ifdef __USE_GNU
755/* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE similar to
756 mkstemp. But allow the caller to pass additional flags which are
757 used in the open call to create the file..
758
759 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
760 marked with __THROW. */
761# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
762extern int mkostemp (char *__template, int __flags) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
763# else
764# ifdef __REDIRECT
765extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemp, (char *__template, int __flags), mkostemp64)
766 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
767# else
768# define mkostemp mkostemp64
769# endif
770# endif
771# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
772extern int mkostemp64 (char *__template, int __flags) __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
773# endif
774
775/* Similar to mkostemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
776 XXXXXX. The length of the suffix is specified in the second
777 parameter.
778
779 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
780 marked with __THROW. */
781# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
782extern int mkostemps (char *__template, int __suffixlen, int __flags)
783 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
784# else
785# ifdef __REDIRECT
786extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemps, (char *__template, int __suffixlen,
787 int __flags), mkostemps64)
788 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
789# else
790# define mkostemps mkostemps64
791# endif
792# endif
793# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
794extern int mkostemps64 (char *__template, int __suffixlen, int __flags)
795 __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
796# endif
797#endif
798
799
800/* Execute the given line as a shell command.
801
802 This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
803 __THROW. */
804extern int system (const char *__command) __wur;
805
806
807#ifdef __USE_GNU
808/* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the
809 existing named file. */
810extern char *canonicalize_file_name (const char *__name)
811 __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __attribute_malloc__
812 __attr_dealloc_free __wur;
813#endif
814
815#if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
816/* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME. If RESOLVED is
817 null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical name is
818 PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to
819 ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars,
820 returns the name in RESOLVED. */
821extern char *realpath (const char *__restrict __name,
822 char *__restrict __resolved) __THROW __wur;
823#endif
824
825
826/* Shorthand for type of comparison functions. */
827#ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T
828# define __COMPAR_FN_T
829typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) (const void *, const void *);
830
831# ifdef __USE_GNU
832typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t;
833# endif
834#endif
835#ifdef __USE_GNU
836typedef int (*__compar_d_fn_t) (const void *, const void *, void *);
837#endif
838
839/* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
840 of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
841extern void *bsearch (const void *__key, const void *__base,
842 size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, __compar_fn_t __compar)
843 __nonnull ((1, 2, 5)) __wur;
844
845#ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
846# include <bits/stdlib-bsearch.h>
847#endif
848
849/* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
850 using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
851extern void qsort (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
852 __compar_fn_t __compar) __nonnull ((1, 4));
853#ifdef __USE_GNU
854extern void qsort_r (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
855 __compar_d_fn_t __compar, void *__arg)
856 __nonnull ((1, 4));
857#endif
858
859
860/* Return the absolute value of X. */
861extern int abs (int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
862extern long int labs (long int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
863
864#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
865__extension__ extern long long int llabs (long long int __x)
866 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
867#endif
868
869
870/* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation
871 of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
872/* GCC may have built-ins for these someday. */
873extern div_t div (int __numer, int __denom)
874 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
875extern ldiv_t ldiv (long int __numer, long int __denom)
876 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
877
878#ifdef __USE_ISOC99
879__extension__ extern lldiv_t lldiv (long long int __numer,
880 long long int __denom)
881 __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__)) __wur;
882#endif
883
884
885#if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) \
886 || defined __USE_MISC
887/* Convert floating point numbers to strings. The returned values are
888 valid only until another call to the same function. */
889
890/* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to
891 this. Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN
892 with the sign of the number. */
893extern char *ecvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
894 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
895
896/* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits. Set *DECPT
897 with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of
898 the number. */
899extern char *fcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
900 int *__restrict __sign) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
901
902/* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits.
903 Otherwise use exponential representation. The resulting string will
904 be written to BUF. */
905extern char *gcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
906 __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
907#endif
908
909#ifdef __USE_MISC
910/* Long double versions of above functions. */
911extern char *qecvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
912 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
913 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
914extern char *qfcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
915 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign)
916 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur;
917extern char *qgcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf)
918 __THROW __nonnull ((3)) __wur;
919
920
921/* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own
922 buffers. */
923extern int ecvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
924 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
925 size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
926extern int fcvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
927 int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
928 size_t __len) __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
929
930extern int qecvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
931 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
932 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
933 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
934extern int qfcvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
935 int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
936 char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len)
937 __THROW __nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
938#endif /* misc */
939
940
941/* Return the length of the multibyte character
942 in S, which is no longer than N. */
943extern int mblen (const char *__s, size_t __n) __THROW;
944/* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
945 putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC. */
946extern int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict __pwc,
947 const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
948/* Put the multibyte character represented
949 by WCHAR in S, returning its length. */
950extern int wctomb (char *__s, wchar_t __wchar) __THROW;
951
952
953/* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string. */
954extern size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs,
955 const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW
956 __attr_access ((__read_only__, 2));
957/* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string. */
958extern size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict __s,
959 const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, size_t __n)
960 __THROW
961 __fortified_attr_access (__write_only__, 1, 3)
962 __attr_access ((__read_only__, 2));
963
964#ifdef __USE_MISC
965/* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation
966 or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category
967 in the program's current locale. Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if
968 negative, and -1 if not matching. */
969extern int rpmatch (const char *__response) __THROW __nonnull ((1)) __wur;
970#endif
971
972
973#if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
974/* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against
975 strings in TOKENS. If found return index and set *VALUEP to
976 optional value introduced by an equal sign. If the suboption is
977 not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown
978 suboption. On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next
979 token or at the terminating NUL character. */
980extern int getsubopt (char **__restrict __optionp,
981 char *const *__restrict __tokens,
982 char **__restrict __valuep)
983 __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2, 3)) __wur;
984#endif
985
986
987/* X/Open pseudo terminal handling. */
988
989#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2KXSI
990/* Return a master pseudo-terminal handle. */
991extern int posix_openpt (int __oflag) __wur;
992#endif
993
994#ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
995/* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and
996 perform an operation on the associated slave: */
997
998/* Chown the slave to the calling user. */
999extern int grantpt (int __fd) __THROW;
1000
1001/* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened.
1002 Call after grantpt(). */
1003extern int unlockpt (int __fd) __THROW;
1004
1005/* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave associated with
1006 the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
1007 The returned storage is good until the next call to this function. */
1008extern char *ptsname (int __fd) __THROW __wur;
1009#endif
1010
1011#ifdef __USE_GNU
1012/* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo
1013 terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF.
1014 Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number. */
1015extern int ptsname_r (int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen)
1016 __THROW __nonnull ((2)) __fortified_attr_access (__write_only__, 2, 3);
1017
1018/* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor. */
1019extern int getpt (void);
1020#endif
1021
1022#ifdef __USE_MISC
1023/* Put the 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages into the first
1024 NELEM elements of LOADAVG. Return the number written (never more than
1025 three, but may be less than NELEM), or -1 if an error occurred. */
1026extern int getloadavg (double __loadavg[], int __nelem)
1027 __THROW __nonnull ((1));
1028#endif
1029
1030#if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K
1031/* Return the index into the active-logins file (utmp) for
1032 the controlling terminal. */
1033extern int ttyslot (void) __THROW;
1034#endif
1035
1036#include <bits/stdlib-float.h>
1037
1038/* Define some macros helping to catch buffer overflows. */
1039#if __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL > 0 && defined __fortify_function
1040# include <bits/stdlib.h>
1041#endif
1042
1043#include <bits/floatn.h>
1044#if defined __LDBL_COMPAT || __LDOUBLE_REDIRECTS_TO_FLOAT128_ABI == 1
1045# include <bits/stdlib-ldbl.h>
1046#endif
1047
1048__END_DECLS
1049
1050#endif /* stdlib.h */
1051